In 2019, Jane Fonda decided to temporarily move to Washington, D.C., to protest climate change by launching Fire Drill Fridays.
That's where the Oscar-winning actress starts her new book, “ What Can I Do?: My Path From Climate Despair to Action," about activism on the issue of climate change. Recently praised for her hit Netflix series "Grace and Frankie" and known to many for her activism during the Vietnam War, Fonda wanted to responsibly use her platform as a celebrity.
"I’d been depressed last year," she says, "because even though I made a lot of personal lifestyle type changes, you know, electric car, no more single-use plastics and so forth, I knew that I wasn’t doing enough and I just didn’t know what to do."
Reading Naomi Klien's “ On Fire: The Burning Case for a Green New Deal" inspired Fonda to "put my body on the line" like young activists such as Greta Thunberg to help older people understand the urgency of the climate crisis. After contacting Klein, Annie Leonard of Greenpeace USA and Bill McKibben of 350.org, the group proposed a rally every Friday to the young climate strikers. Then, protesters would engage in civil disobedience and risk arrest.
When she decided to take this weekly action, Fonda realized she would need to increase her carbon footprint by flying Washington. After weighing the importance of traveling to raise awareness with avoiding air travel, Fonda says she and Leonard decided they "didn’t want perfection to get in the way of good."
"The fossil fuel executives are flying all over the world, buying off politicians and trying to convince them to not be against fossil fuels," she says. "We’re at a big disadvantage if they’re flying all over and we can’t fly to get someplace to raise awareness."
The first of the Fire Drill Friday protesters' three main demands is to cut fossil fuel emissions in half by 2030. If this goal isn't met, scientists say ecosystems will start unraveling uncontrollably, Fonda says.
The second demand is to phase out fossil fuels entirely by 2050. A gradual transition away from fossil fuels is necessary because the economy still depends on them, she says, and workers need retraining and guaranteed union jobs.
Fonda also aimed to raise awareness for the Green New Deal, a resolution proposed by lawmakers including Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Sen. Ed Markey to address climate change and income inequality. The "aspirational" proposal calls for communities that have been most impacted by climate change — Black, Brown, Indigenous and low-income communities — to receive new, sustainable jobs and environmental cleanup, she says.
The solution to climate change needs to address both the crisis itself and the other intertwined issues the U.S. faces, she says, which the Green New Deal does.
"I think the climate movement has changed in that it’s become far more aware of climate justice, environmental justice and the need to have justice at the forefront of any solutions that we come up with," she says. "Because the crisis that this country faces isn’t just a climate crisis. It’s an empathy crisis. It’s a fairness crisis. It’s a democracy crisis.”
With a long history of activism under her belt, Fonda mentions protests against the Vietnam War in the book. She was arrested during recent climate protests and also during Vietnam. Now, she says "when you have a hit series behind your back, it’s easier to do activism."
A maturity has grown within the climate movement, as well as the movement for racial justice, she says. Fonda, who worked with the Black Panthers in the early '70s and helped bail out political prisoners, says openness and a commitment to nonviolence have set recent Black Lives Matter protests apart and fueled the vast, diverse support for the movement.
At age 82, Fonda felt she needed to get more involved with the climate movement "because I’m scared." Despite this fear, she views the chance to tackle climate change together as a "wonderful responsibility to have."
"I’m also acutely aware of the fact that I’m alive in the last generation that can determine whether there’s a future for human beings or not," she says. "We’re it. The decisions we make will determine millions of lives and a livable future."
Fonda's youngest grandchild is only 13 months old, but her activism is also for the people feeling the impacts of climate change right now. Beloved places like Big Sur in California, the Amazon and Australia have been devastated by fires in the past year, she says.
"I love these places. I love these trees, these forests, the oceans," she says. "The fact that they support our lives and they’re being destroyed — I feel like the skin is being pulled off my body."
Fonda says she had trouble sleeping before launching Fire Drill Fridays, but now she knows she's doing everything she can to make a difference. Not everyone can move to the nation's capital to protest every week, she says, but anyone can support the movement in their own way.
For people looking for ways to get more involved with the climate movement, Fonda has one word of advice: Vote.
"Vote and vote early. Get your ballots early. It’s safe to vote by mail, but do it early. Get your ballots early. Mail them early," she says. "That’s the most important thing because if you know who gets in there for four more years, it’s going to be very difficult."
Emiko Tamagawa produced and edited this interview for broadcast with Peter O’Dowd. Samantha Raphelson adapted it for the web.
Book Excerpt: ‘What Can I Do?: My Path From Climate Despair to Action’
By Jane Fonda
The Wake-Up Call
During Labor Day weekend in 2019, I was in Big Sur with my pals Catherine Keener and Rosanna Arquette. I have a history with Big Sur dating back to 1961, when I first ventured there by myself in search of Henry Miller. I had just read a pamphlet he wrote, To Paint Is to Love Again, and I wanted to meet him and talk. He wasn’t there, but I ended up spending a week at the hot springs (later to become Esalen), and it was transformative.
Now here I was once again in need of transformation. I’ve been an environmental activist since the 1970s, installing a windmill at my ranch in 1978 and solar heating and electricity in my Santa Monica home in 1981, speaking at rallies, attending Greenpeace marches in both the United States and Canada, and later getting an electric car, stopping my use of single-use plastic, recycling, and cutting back on red meat. But I was still ill at ease. Existential angst? I had just learned that there are 2.9 billion fewer birds in North America than there were in 1970; I knew that sea turtles are strangling from tumors caused by pollution in the oceans; whales are found dead with fifty pounds of plastic in their bellies; polar bears are starving; 93 percent of children worldwide are breathing polluted air that is endangering their health; and untold numbers of people were living in the midst of oil wells and refineries that were causing them major health problems. But I hadn’t really focused on what the scientists were saying. I knew we needed to reduce fossil fuel use and invest in clean energy alternatives, fast, but these things remained a disturbing reality sitting out there somewhere, removed from me. I hadn’t taken it in and metabolized it. Instead, I would wonder if perhaps humankind deserved the fate it had created. I remembered what E. O. Wilson said decades ago, which I paraphrase: God granted the gift of intelligence to the wrong species. It should have gone to non-meat-eating creatures with no thumbs such as whales and dolphins. I agreed. Just get rid of us Homo sapiens ASAP and things will restore themselves.
But all the while, I knew this fatalist thinking was a cop-out, and I didn’t like myself for it. I’d be reminded of the recent birth of my grandson, and my two older grandkids, and the many people out there fighting for a better planet. No, fatalism couldn’t be for me. Yet I was compartmentalizing my grief rather than letting it into my heart.
Catherine Keener reminded me recently how, on the five-hour drive to Big Sur, she would go on an hourly rant: What can I do? Tell me what to do! Where are the leaders? I need someone to tell me what to do! I felt impotent, angry with myself for my inability to give her the answers she needed because I felt the same way. What can I do?
The very morning we left for Big Sur, I’d received an advance copy of Naomi Klein’s new book, On Fire: The (Burning) Case for a Green New Deal. All my life, the exact book I needed without even knowing it had come to me at the perfect time and changed my trajectory. Here it was again. I began reading it the next day, and a quarter of the way through I was shaking with intensity.
Over time, I’ve asked myself what it was about Naomi’s book that so affected me. One was the way she wrote about Greta Thunberg, the sixteen-year-old Swedish activist who, in 2018, started a movement called Fridays for Future that had inspired school strikes for climate action around the world, involving millions of students. I knew about Greta. A lot had been written about her, including that she was on the autism spectrum. But until Naomi, I hadn’t understood what that had to do with the power of her connection to the climate crisis and the way she communicated about it. Naomi explained that unlike the rest of us, people with Asperger’s don’t look around and take cues about how to behave and feel from the people they see. They receive information pure and direct. If they study the science of climate change as Greta, a self-described science nerd, did, they aren’t able to read the stark facts, feel scared for a while, and then go about business as usual. When Greta, with her unfiltered focus, her inability to compartmentalize or cope with cognitive dissonance, read the science showing disaster was looming, she didn’t believe it at first. “It can’t be true, because, if it were, nobody would be speaking of anything else. All people would be doing is trying to figure out how to fix it.” But when she realized the science was true and nobody was behaving as they should in a crisis, she became traumatized. She stopped speaking and eating.
Reading this was like a kick in my stomach. I knew that what Greta had seen was the truth, that, as she said, we should be behaving as if our house were on fire, as if we were in a crisis, because we are. The brave, young student was exhorting us to get out of our comfort zone and do something. Learning this about Greta permitted me to take the science into my own body. This was the second thing in Naomi’s book that changed me: the clarity with which she conveyed what the scientists were saying in the 2018 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Virtually unanimously, the scientists make clear that given the worsening disasters we’re already seeing, and the additional warming that is already baked in because we didn’t act forty years ago, we don’t stand a chance at changing course in time without profound, systemic economic and social change, and they say, as of 2020, we have a brief ten years before the tipping point is reached. Ten years to reduce fossil fuel emissions roughly in half and then reduce to net zero by 2050 to avoid uncontrollable unraveling of the natural life-support system.
But the scientists also believe that we have the technology to make the transition in time to clean, renewable energy and that the most important factor in whether we can pull off what’s needed will be collective actions taken by social movements on an unprecedented scale. Social movements. In my fifty years of activism, I’d been part of social movements that changed policy. For instance, in 1972 and 1973, Tom Hayden, my second husband, and I launched the Indochina Peace Campaign, and together with scores of activists we crisscrossed the country educating the people whom the then president Richard Nixon described as the Silent Majority about the Vietnam War, the Pentagon Papers, and the need to cut the funding that was shoring up the government the United States had installed in South Vietnam that was keeping the war going. Especially because the just-released Pentagon Papers revealed that a succession of administrations had known we couldn’t win. The Pentagon Papers were to the Vietnam War what I think the IPCC 2018 report was to the climate crisis: irrefutable proof of lying and deceit on the part of people in power. In the end, the aid was cut, our client government collapsed, and the Vietnam War ended. Yes, I had experienced the effectiveness of mobilizing and organizing with a clear strategy and authoritative documents to back us up.
The third thing in Naomi’s book that struck me was how she explained the Green New Deal (GND). When Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Senator Ed Markey introduced the Green New Deal resolution in 2019, I thought including issues like low-carbon jobs and environmental and economic justice in a document about climate was taking it too far and would easily be dismissed by the right as a leftist
wish list. But Naomi’s book made me understand justice is at the heart of solving what led to the climate crisis. The Green New Deal beckons us into a future where everyone can see a place for themselves.
When you’re famous, there are so many ways to lift issues and amplify voices. God knows I’ve done it before to varying degrees of success. But what can I do? What’s the right way to use my platform now, when things are getting worse fast?
Naomi’s book made clear that right now is the last possible moment in history when changing course can mean saving lives and species on an unimaginable scale. A true civilizational responsibility rests on our shoulders!
I knew what I needed to do, and I felt it so strongly I was quivering all over.
“I’m going to move to Washington, D.C., for a year and camp out in front of the White House to protest climate change,” I told Rosanna and Catherine over dinner at the Post Ranch Inn. “If Greta can do it, so can I.”
There, I’d said it to my pals, and now I couldn’t back out.
Being brave, gung ho gals, Catherine and Rosanna were all for it and pledged to join me when they could. Over the next few days we hiked, and I kept reading Naomi’s book. I felt more strongly that if I got the word out, others would join me. It had happened before during the later years of the Vietnam War. At night I lay in bed trying to remember where I’d stored my sleeping bag and bivy sack that have seen me through downpours and blizzards at fourteen thousand feet. I’ve done a lot of camping in my life and had all the right equipment, but I’d never camped in a city. Where will I poop and pee? I wondered. I’m way older now and have to get up during the night more often. Rosanna, Catherine, and I studied maps of D.C. trying to pick a spot where I would set up, but I realized I didn’t want a lonely vigil. What would be the point of that? I needed expert help to plan this. That’s when I tried to call Annie Leonard, the director of Greenpeace USA, because they were fearless supporters of big actions and, while I wasn’t certain, I felt my action might become big. I paced in front of Rosanna’s house, trying to get a phone signal, when I finally managed to reach her.
“Annie, it’s Jane Fonda here, do you have a minute? I have an idea and I need your advice.”
Annie assured me she did, so I rushed on. “I’m reading Naomi’s book, and I’ve decided to move to Washington for a year and camp out in front of the White House. I want to start in three weeks. Can you
help me figure it out?” See, I’m someone who, when she gets an idea, is 100 percent ready to take a leap of faith and just do it. In fact, leaps of faith are my only form of exercise these days.
There was a rather long silence on Annie’s end, and then she said, “Well, Jane, that’s so wonderful and I’m blown away that you’re ready to put yourself out there like that, but, see, you can’t camp overnight in Washington anymore. It’s been made illegal after Occupy Wall Street camped there and more so in the current anti-protest climate in D.C. But let’s figure out what is possible.” She offered to set up a conference call with her, Bill McKibben, co-founder of 350.org, Naomi, the environmental lawyer Jay Halfon, and me. Time was of the essence, so Annie and I arranged to do the conference call the next day.
That day, Catherine, Rosanna, and I were visiting Esalen, the retreat center perched on twenty-seven acres of cliffs overlooking the Pacific. I figured Esalen would have decent reception for the conference call, and it felt appropriate that this possibly defining call would happen there. Generations of people seeking transformation often find themselves at Esalen, and the power it holds to create change is very much about its topography. It’s edgy. The sea off Big Sur is where the Arctic current meets the warm Pacific current. Land and sea touch each other at the base of jagged cliffs. It’s all the sharp edges and fierce winds, I think, that encourage people to break with their pasts, to look beyond dogma, and to examine new ways to be effective in the world. I remembered arriving there, a young woman in my midtwenties, the same age as many of the activists now driving the movement to stop climate change. Big Sur’s wild nature, those cliffs, was an important part of my transformation from child of the buttoned-up 1950s to someone who wanted to shake off the “good girl” shackles of my youth. In that way, it seemed right that I found myself in Esalen at this moment when I was rethinking how I could work to serve something larger than myself.
Turns out there was very poor cell phone service, but there was a bright red old-fashioned outdoor phone booth and a place where I could gather an hour’s worth of quarters.
Bill McKibben suggested that because camping was no longer permitted, perhaps a once-a-week protest that involved civil disobedience would be a better idea. Fridays had been claimed by Greta Thunberg and the student climate strikers, but the youth had also called on adults to join them. “Maybe you could do an action on Fridays as well.” Bill referenced what Randall Robinson, executive director of TransAfrica, had done in the mid-1980s, marching in front of the South African embassy in D.C. every day, committing civil disobedience by sitting down in the middle of Massachusetts Avenue, calling for freeing Nelson Mandela and ending apartheid in South Africa. “It was a very successful protest,” Bill said. In the beginning there were ten to twenty people, which grew to hundreds, and it spread nationwide until, in 1986, the first antiapartheid bill was passed in Congress.
Annie agreed, noting how important civil disobedience on behalf of climate has become. “For forty years, we’ve been polite, we’ve shared the science, we’ve petitioned, we’ve marched, rallied, written, pleaded. We’ve used all the levers of democracy available to us, and our elected representatives haven’t listened. Now we have to do more, step it up. Risk arrest if that is what it takes. It’s the fossil fuel industry who’ve led us to this. It’s time to be bold. Science demands it. Morality demands it. The moment demands it.”
Yes!
I dropped in more quarters and tried to breathe, not just because it was getting really hot in the phone booth, but because I could feel in my body that this was right. I was ready for this. I’d been getting ready for this my whole adult life . . . a weekly action that culminated in nonviolent civil disobedience. And I wouldn’t have to worry about pooping.
I wanted to start in a few weeks, so we decided I should go to D.C. as soon as possible to work out details and meet with some key environmental groups, including the student climate strikers, to get their input and buy-in. I began planning for the maximum time I could spend in D.C. before I had to get ready to film our seventh and last season of Grace and Frankie on January 27, 2020. It added up to four months, fourteen Fridays.
From WHAT CAN I DO? My Path from Climate Despair to Action. Published by arrangement with Penguin Press, a member of Penguin Random House LLC. Copyright © 2020 by Jane Fonda.
This article was originally published on WBUR.org.
Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org. 9(MDAwMTM1NDgzMDEyMzg2MDcwMzJjODJiYQ004))