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Saharan dust and Mexico smoke are in the air. Researchers are working on better ways to measure what’s overhead

GOES-19 image of the Gulf basin on June 25th, 2026.
NOAA
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GOES-19 image of the Gulf basin on June 25th, 2026.

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A UTSA researcher says the mix of smoke and Saharan dust over the area shows why local atmospheric monitoring is important.

Alberto Mestas-Nuñez is an associate professor in UTSA’s Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences. He oversees a NASA-funded Pandora Project sensor on top of the Durango Building at UTSA’s downtown campus.

Pandora Project atmospheric spectrometer
Courtesy photo
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UT San Antonio
Pandora Project atmospheric spectrometer

The instrument is part of a nationwide network that measures gases in the atmosphere and helps support satellite observations.

“So it basically has the same instrument that you have in the satellite, but produces high-quality measurements that are used to actually improve the quality of the satellite observations," he told TPR.

Mestas-Nuñez say they are hoping to expand the project even further.

“We are talking to NASA to get an instrument that measures information of particulates, and then, we also have a third project that would also measure carbon gases in the atmosphere. So, I think we are geared towards helping improve the observational base for San Antonio and to contribute better data and better science for air quality," he said.

Mestas-Nuñez says another part of the goal is to turn that scientific data into information the public can use.

“Our research is sort of helping to serve as a bridge between the information that these sensors generate and coming up with products that could be easily accessible by the public."

Students working with the Pandora Project sensor at UTSA
Courtesy photo
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UT San Antonio
Students working with the Pandora Project sensor at UTSA

There are currently two NASA-funded Pandora stations in Texas, the other is located at St. Edwards University in Austin.

“In order to make good decisions regarding air quality, the first thing that we need is to have quality observations, and our project contributed to that. So, the better the observations, the better the science that we can produce and the better the decisions that this science can support.”

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Jerry Clayton can be reached at jerry@tpr.org or on Twitter at @jerryclayton.